{"id":104881,"date":"2017-08-16T09:33:00","date_gmt":"2017-08-16T09:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gerdtestpress.online\/?guid=7d02cfcb93111c9ff3ec5b94e22444c6"},"modified":"2017-08-16T09:33:00","modified_gmt":"2017-08-16T09:33:00","slug":"how-technology-might-get-out-of-control-about-the-nash-equilibriums-demise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/2017\/08\/how-technology-might-get-out-of-control-about-the-nash-equilibriums-demise\/","title":{"rendered":"Wie die Technologie au\u00dfer Kontrolle geraten kann (\u00fcber den Untergang des Nash-Gleichgewichts?)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"posthaven-post-body\">\n<div>\u201cPeople use laws, social norms and international agreements to reap the benefits of technology while minimizing undesirable things like environmental damage. In aiming to find such rules of behavior, we often take inspiration from what game theorists call a Nash equilibrium, named after the mathematician and economist John Nash. In game theory, a Nash equilibrium is a set of strategies that, once discovered by a set of players, provides a stable fixed point at which no one has an incentive to depart from their current strategy.<\/p>\n<p>To reach such an equilibrium, the players need to understand the consequences of their own and others' potential actions. During the Cold War, for example, peace among nuclear powers depended on the understanding the any attack would ensure everyone's destruction. Similarly, from local regulations to international law, negotiations can be seen as a gradual exploration of all possible moves to find a stable framework of rules acceptable to everyone, and giving no one an incentive to cheat \u2013 because doing so would leave them worse off.<\/p>\n<p>But what if technology becomes so complex and starts evolving so rapidly that humans can\u2019t imagine the consequences of some new action? This is the question that a pair of scientists &#8212; Dimitri Kusnezov of the National Nuclear Security Administration and Wendell Jones, recently retired from Sandia National Labs &#8212; explore in a recent paper. Their unsettling conclusion: The concept of strategic equilibrium as an organizing principle may be nearly obsolete.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>How Technology Might Get Out of Control<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/view\/articles\/2017-08-15\/how-technology-might-get-out-of-control\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/view\/articles\/2017-08-15\/how-technology-might-get-out-of-control<\/a><br \/>via Instapaper<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"posthaven-gallery\" id=\"posthaven_gallery[1192783]\">\n<p class=\"posthaven-file posthaven-file-image posthaven-file-state-processed\">\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"posthaven-gallery-image\" src=\"https:\/\/phaven-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/files\/image_part\/asset\/1924422\/qik2hdH9xfL4ljb3jrGkLnxtRz0\/medium_image2.PNG\" \/>\n        <\/p>\n<p class=\"posthaven-file posthaven-file-image posthaven-file-state-processed\">\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"posthaven-gallery-image\" src=\"https:\/\/phaven-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/files\/image_part\/asset\/1924420\/EhOFDWBJLbiMNYrz05G4LqdE_Oc\/medium_image1.PNG\" \/>\n        <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div id=\"AppleMailSignature\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\"Die Menschen nutzen Gesetze, soziale Normen und internationale Vereinbarungen, um die Vorteile der Technologie zu nutzen und gleichzeitig unerw\u00fcnschte Dinge wie Umweltsch\u00e4den zu minimieren. Bei der Suche nach solchen Verhaltensregeln lassen wir uns oft von dem inspirieren, was Spieltheoretiker als Nash-Gleichgewicht bezeichnen, benannt nach dem Mathematiker und Wirtschaftswissenschaftler John Nash. In der Spieltheorie ist ein Nash-Gleichgewicht eine Reihe von Strategien, die, sobald sie von einer Gruppe von Spielern entdeckt wurden, einen stabilen Fixpunkt darstellen, an dem niemand einen Anreiz hat, von seiner aktuellen Strategie abzuweichen.<\/p>\n<p>Um ein solches Gleichgewicht zu erreichen, m\u00fcssen die Akteure die Folgen ihrer eigenen und der m\u00f6glichen Handlungen der anderen verstehen. W\u00e4hrend des Kalten Krieges beispielsweise hing der Frieden zwischen den Atomm\u00e4chten von der Einsicht ab, dass jeder Angriff die Vernichtung aller Beteiligten bedeuten w\u00fcrde. In \u00e4hnlicher Weise k\u00f6nnen Verhandlungen - von lokalen Regelungen bis hin zum internationalen Recht - als eine allm\u00e4hliche Erkundung aller m\u00f6glichen Schritte gesehen werden, um einen stabilen Rahmen von Regeln zu finden, der f\u00fcr alle akzeptabel ist und niemandem einen Anreiz bietet, zu mogeln - weil er dann schlechter dastehen w\u00fcrde.<\/p>\n<p>Was aber, wenn die Technologie so komplex wird und sich so schnell weiterentwickelt, dass der Mensch sich die Folgen einer neuen Handlung nicht mehr vorstellen kann? Mit dieser Frage besch\u00e4ftigen sich zwei Wissenschaftler - Dimitri Kusnezov von der National Nuclear Security Administration und Wendell Jones, der k\u00fcrzlich von den Sandia National Labs in den Ruhestand versetzt wurde - in einer k\u00fcrzlich erschienenen Ver\u00f6ffentlichung. Ihre beunruhigende Schlussfolgerung: Das Konzept des strategischen Gleichgewichts als Organisationsprinzip k\u00f6nnte nahezu \u00fcberholt sein.\"<\/p>\n<p>Wie die Technologie au\u00dfer Kontrolle geraten kann<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/view\/articles\/2017-08-15\/how-technology-might-get-out-of-control\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/view\/articles\/2017-08-15\/how-technology-might-get-out-of-control<\/a><br \/>\u00fcber Instapaper<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/phaven-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/files\/image_part\/asset\/1924422\/qik2hdH9xfL4ljb3jrGkLnxtRz0\/medium_image2.PNG\"><\/p>\n<p>\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/phaven-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/files\/image_part\/asset\/1924420\/EhOFDWBJLbiMNYrz05G4LqdE_Oc\/medium_image1.PNG\"><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_analytify_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-digital-ethics","masonry-post","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104881"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104881\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/futuristgerd.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}